Daim Ntawv Sau Npe tsis tuaj yeem muab los ntawm kev kwv yees. Ua ntej tus neeg nqa khoom,NVOCC, los yogfreight forwardernpaj cov qauv B / L, tus neeg xa khoom yuav tsum muab cov ntaub ntawv xa tuaj kom raug thiab cov ntaub ntawv txhawb nqa siv los txheeb xyuas cov ntaub ntawv ntawd.
Rau tus qauvhiav txwv freight shipping, cov ntaub ntawv thiab cov ntaub ntawv feem ntau xav tau suav nrog Kev Qhia Txog Kev Xa Khoom, kev lees paub kev lag luam, daim ntawv them nqi lag luam, daim ntawv teev npe, tus neeg xa khoom thiab cov neeg xa khoom xa tuaj, ceeb toom rau tog neeg cov ntaub ntawv, cov lus piav qhia, pob khoom kom muaj nuj nqis, qhov hnyav tag nrho, ntim, ntim naj npawb, foob naj npawb, lub sijhawm thauj khoom, thiab B / L tso tawm txoj kev xav tau.
Rau cov khoom thauj tshwj xeeb, tej zaum yuav xav tau cov ntaub ntawv ntxiv. Cov khoom txaus ntshai yuav xav tau daim ntawv tshaj tawm MSDS thiab Cov Khoom Tsis Txaus Siab. Ntoo ntim yuav xav tau fumigation pov thawj los yog IPPC cim. Reefer cargo xav tau cov lus qhia kub. Letter of Credit shipping yuav tsum nruj dua cov ntaub ntawv sib xws.
Daim nqi ntawm Lading tsis yog lwm daim ntawv xa khoom xwb. Nws yog cov ntaub ntawv thauj khoom, daim ntawv txais khoom thauj, thiab ntau zaus, ib daim ntawv teev npe. Yog tias cov ntaub ntawv tsis raug, tus nqi tsis tshua muaj rau tus nqi hloov me me. Lub npe ntawm tus neeg xa khoom tsis raug, cov lus piav qhia cov khoom thauj tsis raug, lossis qhov hnyav tsis sib haum tuaj yeem ncua sijhawm kev lis kev cai, thaiv cov khoom xa tawm, tsim cov txhab nyiaj tsis sib xws, thiab ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam lossis raug kaw ntawm qhov chaw nres nkoj.
Yog vim li cas Bill of Lading Documents yuav tsum muaj tseeb
Daim Ntawv Sau Npe, feem ntau luv luv li B / L, yog ib daim ntawv uas muab los ntawm tus neeg nqa khoom, kab xa khoom, NVOCC, lossis tus xa khoom xa tuaj kom paub meej tias cov khoom tau txais rau kev thauj mus los hauv hiav txwv. Hauv kev xa khoom hiav txwv, nws ib txwm ua haujlwm peb lub luag haujlwm.
Nws ua haujlwm ua pov thawj ntawm kev cog lus ntawm kev thauj mus los ntawm tus neeg xa khoom thiab tus neeg nqa khoom. Nws ua raws li daim ntawv txais nyiaj rau cov khoom. Rau Daim Npav Tseem Ceeb ntawm Lading, nws tuaj yeem ua haujlwm raws li daim ntawv teev npe, txhais tau hais tias tog tuav cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb yuav tswj tau txoj cai los thov cov khoom thauj.
Tias yog vim li cas B / L cov ntsiab lus tsis yog cov ntawv xa khoom xws li. Lawv yog siv los ntawm cov nqa khoom, freight forwarders, kev lis kev cai brokers, lub tsev txhab nyiaj, insurers, importers, exporters, thiab cov neeg sawv cev.
Ib qho yuam kev me me tuaj yeem txav mus los ntawm tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv saw. Yog hais tias daim nqi ntawm Lading hais tias "tshuab qhov chaw" thaum lub sij hawm ua lag luam invoice hais tias "CNC txhuas vaj tse qhov chaw," kev lis kev cai yuav nug kom meej. Yog tias qhov hnyav tag nrho ntawm B / L txawv ntawm daim ntawv teev npe los ntawm ntau pua kilograms, tus neeg xa khoom tuaj yeem ntsib kev tshuaj xyuas lossis ncua sijhawm. Yog tias lub npe ntawm tus neeg xa khoom tsis zoo ib yam li daim ntawv tso cai ntshuam lossis Tsab Ntawv Teev Tseg, cov khoom tso tawm tuaj yeem nyuaj.
Txoj kev nyab xeeb tshaj plaws yog qhov yooj yim: kho B / L cov qauv raws li cov ntaub ntawv raug cai thiab kev ua haujlwm, tsis yog cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev xa khoom hnyav.
Cov ntaub ntawv dab tsi uas feem ntau xav tau los tshaj tawm daim nqi ntawm Lading?
Rau feem ntau cov qauv kev thauj khoom hauv hiav txwv, tus neeg nqa khoom lossis tus neeg xa khoom tsis xav tau txhua daim ntawv luam tawm hauv kev lag luam. Qhov lawv xav tau yog cov ntaub ntawv xav tau los npaj B/L, ntxiv rau cov ntaub ntawv uas pab txheeb xyuas cov ntaub ntawv ntawd.
Cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb yog Shipping Instruction.
Lwm cov ntaub ntawv, xws li daim ntawv tshaj tawm kev lag luam thiab cov ntawv ntim khoom, txhawb nqa cov txheej txheem B / L vim tias lawv lees paub cov lus piav qhia ntawm cov khoom thauj, kom muaj nuj nqis, cov ntsiab lus pob, qhov hnyav, ntim, thiab cov nqe lus ntawm kev lag luam.
| Cov ntaub ntawv / Cov ntaub ntawv | Kev Siv Tseem Ceeb hauv B / L Kev Npaj | Feem ntau Muab Los Ntawm |
|---|---|---|
| Kev qhia shipping | Lub hauv paus tseem ceeb rau kev npaj cov qauv B / L | Shipper los yog freight forwarder |
| Booking Confirmation | Paub meej tias tus neeg nqa khoom, nkoj, nkoj, txoj kev, hom thawv, thiab tus lej booking | Carrier, NVOCC, lossis freight forwarder |
| Kev Lag Luam Invoice | Txheeb xyuas tus neeg muag khoom, tus neeg yuav khoom, tus nqi thauj khoom, Incoterms, HS code, thiab cov lus piav qhia khoom thauj | Exporter / muag |
| Daim ntawv teev npe | Txheeb xyuas pob ntau, qhov hnyav, qhov ntev, CBM, thiab hom ntim | Exporter / tus xa khoom |
| Shipper / Consignee / Ceeb Toom Party Paub meej | Siv los ua kom tiav cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm B / L | Shipper, buyer, los yog lag luam tog |
| Thawv Number thiab Seal Number | Txheeb xyuas lub thawv ntim khoom thiab foob | Warehouse, trucker, forwarder, los yog carrier |
| Qhov hnyav tag nrho thiab ntim | Siv rau B / L cargo cov ntsiab lus thiab freight pov thawj | Shipper / warehouse / forwarder |
| Lub sij hawm thauj khoom | Qhia freight prepaid los yog freight sau | Shipper / tus xa khoom |
| B/L Txoj Kev Tso Tawm | Txiav txim siab Original B/L, Telex Release, Sea Waybill, lossis lwm txoj kev tso tawm | Shipper thiab consignee |
Ib qho yuam kev feem ntau yog hu rau txhua daim ntawv thauj khoom hiav txwv "B / L document." Qhov ntawd tsis yog lawm. Qee cov ntaub ntawv raug siv los tshaj tawm Daim Ntawv Pov Thawj. Ib txhia yog siv rau kev lis kev cai clearance. Qee qhov tsuas yog xav tau rau cov khoom thauj tshwj xeeb, kev tuav pov hwm, tuam txhab nyiaj, lossis kev ua raws li qhov chaw.
Khaws cov pawg sib cais ua rau tag nrho cov txheej txheem yooj yim los tswj.
Shipping Instruction yog cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb rau Daim Ntawv Sau Npe ntawm Lading
Shipping Instruction, feem ntau hu ua SI, yog cov lus qhia xa los ntawm tus neeg xa khoom lossis tus neeg xa khoom xa tuaj qhia rau tus neeg nqa khoom lossis NVOCC raws nraim li cas daim nqi ntawm Lading yuav tsum tau npaj.
Qhov no yog cov ntaub ntawv uas tsav cov qauv B / L.
Kev Qhia Txog Kev Xa Khoom Ua tiav feem ntau suav nrog tus neeg xa khoom, tus neeg xa khoom, ceeb toom rau tog neeg, nkoj thiab nkoj, chaw nres nkoj, chaw nres nkoj ntawm kev tawm, qhov chaw txais, qhov chaw xa khoom, cov lus piav qhia, cov cim thiab cov lej, pob kom muaj nuj nqis, qhov hnyav tag nrho, ntsuas, ntim naj npawb, foob naj npawb, lub sijhawm thauj khoom, thiab yuav tsum tau hom B / L.
Daim ntawv tshaj tawm kev lag luam thiab cov ntawv ntim khoom tsis yog hloov pauv rau SI. Lawv siv los xyuas seb qhov SI puas yog.
Piv txwv li, Suav exporter shipping 1 x 40HQ thawv ntawm LED zaub panels los ntawm Ningbo mus rau Rotterdam yuav muab ib tug SI qhia:
- Shipper: Suav exporter
- Consignee: Dutch importer
- Qhia rau tog neeg: kev lis kev cai broker hauv Netherlands
- Cargo piav qhia: LED zaub panels thiab accessories
- Pob: 68 lub rooj ntoo
- Qhov hnyav tag nrho: 12,450 kg
- Kev ntsuas: 56.8 CBM
- Ntim naj npawb thiab seal number
- Freight: them ua ntej
- Txoj kev tso tawm: Telex Tso
Tus neeg xa khoom yuav tshuaj xyuas qhov no tiv thaiv daim ntawv xa nyiaj ua lag luam thiab cov ntawv ntim khoom ua ntej xa lossis lees paub cov qauv B / L. Yog tias daim ntawv teev npe hais tias 72 rooj plaub ntoo, qhov tsis sib haum yuav tsum tau daws ua ntej qhov kawg ntawm B / L. Kho nws tom qab yog qeeb dua thiab kim dua.
B / L tsuas yog qhov tseeb raws li Shipping Instruction tom qab nws.
Cov ntaub ntawv xa khoom dab tsi yuav tsum raug rau ntawm daim nqi ntawm Lading?
Daim Ntawv Pov Thawj muaj ob txoj cai lij choj cov ntsiab lus thiab cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev thauj mus los. Cov teb no yuav tsum phim cov khoom xa tuaj tiag tiag thiab, qhov xav tau, daim ntawv xa nyiaj ua lag luam, cov ntawv ntim khoom, cov ntaub ntawv kev lis kev cai, Tsab Ntawv Teev Tseg, thiab cov kev xav tau ntawm cov khoom xa tuaj.
Shipper, Consignee thiab Ceeb Toom Party
Tus neeg xa khoom yog tus neeg sab nrauv pom tias xa cov khoom. Hauv ntau cov khoom xa tuaj, qhov no yog tus xa tawm lossis muag. Hauv qee qhov kev npaj xa khoom xa tuaj, tus neeg xa khoom tau pom ntawm Lub Tsev B / L thiab Master B / L yuav txawv.
Tus neeg xa khoom yog tus neeg muaj cai tau txais lossis thov cov khoom ntawm qhov chaw. Qhov no tej zaum yuav yog tus neeg xa khoom, lub txhab nyiaj, lub tuam txhab ua lag luam, lossis "To Order" nyob ntawm txoj kev them nyiaj thiab hom B / L.
Kev ceeb toom yog tog neeg yuav tsum tau ceeb toom thaum cov khoom thauj tuaj txog. Nws tuaj yeem yog tus neeg xa khoom, tus neeg lis kev lis kev cai, tus neeg yuav khoom tus neeg sawv cev, lossis tus neeg xa khoom xa mus.
Tshooj lus no tsim nyog ua tib zoo xyuas. Yog tias tus neeg xa khoom lub npe raug cai tsis raug, tus neeg sawv cev qhov chaw yuav tsis kam tso tawm kom txog thaum kev hloov kho tiav. Yog tias cov khoom xa tuaj raws li Tsab Ntawv Teev Tseg, txawm tias cov cim cim, qhov chaw nyob, lossis cov lus tuaj yeem ua rau muaj qhov sib txawv.
Cargo Description, Quantity, Nyhav thiab ntim
Cov lus piav qhia txog kev thauj khoom yuav tsum yog qhov tshwj xeeb txaus rau kev thauj mus los thiab kev lis kev cai. Nws yuav tsum tsis txhob vague.
Cov lus piav qhia tsis zoo suav nrog:
- Cov khoom
- Yam khoom
- Khoom siv
- General cargo
- Tshuab
Cov lus piav qhia zoo dua suav nrog:
- Stainless hlau chav ua noj dab dej
- CNC aluminium vaj qhov chaw
- LED zaub panels thiab accessories
- Hydraulic xovxwm tshuab
- Polypropylene woven hnab
Rau cov khoom lag luam ib txwm muaj, B / L cov lus piav qhia yuav tsum ua raws li daim ntawv thov thiab cov ntawv ntim khoom. Nws tsis tas yuav xav tau txhua tus qauv tooj, tab sis nws yuav tsum piav qhia txog cov khoom thauj kom meej txaus kom tsis txhob muaj kev ntxhov siab.
Pob khoom kom muaj nuj nqis, qhov hnyav tag nrho, thiab CBM kuj tseem ceeb. Rau LCL cov khoom xa tuaj, cov pob suav thiab CBM cuam tshuam rau kev sib koom ua ke, kev tuav cov khoom lag luam, thiab qhov chaw txiav tawm. Rau FCL kev xa khoom, ntim cov ntsiab lus, tus lej foob, thiab VGM nqa hnyav dua hauv kev ua haujlwm.
Yog tias daim ntawv ntim khoom hais tias 30 pallets thiab B / L hais tias 28 pallets, ib tus neeg yuav tsum piav qhia qhov txawv. Yog tias tsis muaj leej twg ua tau, kev lis kev cai lossis tus neeg xa khoom tuaj yeem tuav cov khoom xa tuaj.
Thawv, Foob thiab Routing Paub meej
Rau cov thawv ntim khoom hauv hiav txwv, B / L yuav tsum qhia tus naj npawb ntim kom raug thiab tus lej foob tom qab thauj khoom. Cov ntsiab lus no txuas cov ntaub ntawv mus rau lub cev cargo.
Cov routing teb kuj yuav tsum tau ua kom haum rau booking:
- Chaw nres nkoj ntawm chaw thau khoom
- Chaw nres nkoj tawm
- Qhov chaw ntawm daim ntawv txais nyiaj
- Qhov chaw xa khoom
- Vessel thiab voyage
- Transshipment cov ntsiab lus, yog tias xav tau
Hauv qhov rooj - mus rau - qhov rooj xa khoom, qhov chaw txais thiab qhov chaw xa khoom tuaj yeem muaj teeb meem ntau npaum li cov chaw nres nkoj. Piv txwv li, kev xa khoom los ntawm Suzhou mus rau Hamburg yuav raug thauj los ntawm lub Hoobkas mus rau Shanghai chaw nres nkoj, tom qab ntawd xa mus rau Hamburg, tom qab ntawd xa hauv av. Yog tias B/L tsuas pom qhov chaw nres nkoj- mus rau- chaw nres nkoj txav thaum tus neeg yuav khoom xav tau cov ntaub ntawv xa tuaj rau qhov rooj, cov ntaub ntawv yuav tsis sib haum nrog kev lag luam.
FCL vs LCL: Lawv Puas Xav Tau Cov Ntaub Ntawv B / L sib txawv?
FCL thiab LCL kev xa khoomsiv ntau hom ntaub ntawv tib yam, tab sis cov ntaub ntawv tsom xam txawv.
FCL txhais tau tias Tag Nrho Thawv Load. Ib tus neeg thauj khoom thauj khoom ib txwm nyob hauv lub thawv. LCL txhais tau tias Tsawg dua Thawv Load. Ntau tus neeg xa khoom 'cov khoom thauj khoom sib sau ua ke rau hauv ib lub thawv.
| Hom khoom xa tuaj | B/L Cov ntaub ntawv uas xav tau kev saib xyuas ntxiv | Yam Risk |
|---|---|---|
| FCL | Thawv naj npawb, foob naj npawb, VGM, thawv kom muaj nuj nqis, cargo hnyav, freight lub sij hawm | Kev foob tsis raug lossis cov ntaub ntawv ntim khoom tuaj yeem ncua kev tso tawm lossis tsim kev tsis sib haum xeeb ntawm tus neeg nqa khoom |
| LCL | Pob kom muaj nuj nqis, cov cim, hom ntim, CBM, daim ntawv txais nyiaj hauv tsev, cov lus piav qhia | Cov pob khoom tsis raug cai tuaj yeem ua rau muaj teeb meem hauv tsev rau khoom lossis kev sib koom ua ke |
RauFCL kev xa khoom, tus naj npawb thawv tsis raug yog qhov yuam kev loj ntawm cov ntaub ntawv. RauLCL kev xa khoom, cov cim tsis zoo thiab cov lus piav qhia pob tsim teeb meem ntau dua. Yog tias kaum tus neeg xa khoom xa khoom zoo sib xws rau hauv tib lub tsev khaws khoom sib koom ua ke, cov cim meej thiab cov ntsiab lus ntawm pob yog dab tsi tiv thaiv cov khoom sib tov-ups.
Qhov no yog vim li cas tus neeg xa khoom yuav nug txawv ua raws-cov lus nug rau FCL thiab LCL cov khoom thauj. Cov ntaub ntawv teeb tsa yuav zoo sib xws, tab sis kev pheej hmoo ua haujlwm tsis zoo ib yam.
Puas yog Daim Ntawv Pov Thawj Ua Lag Luam thiab Cov Ntawv Sau Npe Yuav Tsum Tau Txais Daim Ntawv Pov Thawj?
Hauv kev xyaum, yog, feem ntau cov neeg xa khoom xa tuaj yuav nug txog daim ntawv them nqi lag luam thiab cov ntawv ntim khoom ua ntej npaj lossis kuaj daim nqi ntawm Lading. Tab sis lawv tsis zoo ib yam li Shipping Instruction.
Daim ntawv tshaj tawm kev lag luam yog cov ntaub ntawv luam ntawm tus neeg muag khoom thiab tus neeg yuav khoom. Nws feem ntau qhia tus neeg muag khoom, tus neeg yuav khoom, cov khoom piav qhia, HS code, chav tsev nqi, tag nrho tus nqi, lub teb chaws ntawm lub hauv paus chiv keeb, thiab Incoterms xws li FOB, EXW, CIF, los yog DAP.
Ib daim ntawv ntim khoom piav qhia seb cov khoom ntim li cas. Nws qhia txog pob ntau, ntim hom, qhov hnyav tag nrho, qhov hnyav, qhov ntev, CBM, thiab qee zaum pallet lossis thawv cov ntsiab lus.
Rau kev npaj B / L, ob cov ntaub ntawv no feem ntau yog siv los xyuas qhov sib xws.
Yog tias daim ntawv them nqi qhia "FOB Ningbo" tab sis SI hais tias kev thauj khoom thauj khoom raws li kev sib txawv, tus neeg xa khoom yuav tsum nug ua ntej tshaj tawm B / L. Yog tias daim ntawv teev npe qhia 18,600 kg tab sis SI hais tias 16,800 kg, qhov hnyav tag nrho yuav tsum tau lees paub. Yog tias daim ntawv qhia txog kev thauj khoom thiab B / L cargo piav qhia txawv dhau, kev lis kev cai tuaj yeem nug cov khoom xa tuaj.
Kev lag luam invoice thiab cov npe ntim tsis yog cov ntaub ntawv rau tus neeg yuav khoom xwb. Lawv yog cov ntaub ntawv tswj hwm uas ua kom B / L ua raws li kev lag luam thiab kev lis kev cai.
Cov ntaub ntawv xav tau rau cov khoom thauj tshwj xeeb
Standard qhuav cargo feem ntau yog ncaj nraim. Cov khoom thauj tshwj xeeb txawv. Cov neeg nqa khoom tuaj yeem tsis kam thauj yog tias cov ntaub ntawv lig, tsis tiav, lossis tsis sib xws.
Cov khoom phom sij
Cov khoom txaus ntshai nyob rau hauv hiav txwv shipping yog tswj raws li IMDG Code xyaum. IMDG yog hais txog International Maritime Dangerous Goods cov cai siv rau kev faib thiab tuav cov khoom phom sij los ntawm hiav txwv.
Kev xa khoom txaus ntshai yuav xav tau:
- MSDS, lossis Cov Ntaub Ntawv Kev Nyab Xeeb Cov Ntaub Ntawv
- Dangerous Goods Declaration
- UN tus lej
- IMDG chav kawm
- Packing pab pawg
- Flashpoint, yog tias muaj
- Hu rau thaum muaj xwm ceev
- Kev pom zoo rau tus neeg nqa khoom
Kev xa khoom ntawm cov khoom siv roj teeb lithium, pleev xim, nplaum, tshuaj, lossis aerosols yuav tsum tsis txhob raug kho zoo li cov khoom thauj dav dav. Yog tias DG tshaj tawm hais tias ib tus lej UN thiab B / L cargo piav qhia qhia lwm hom khoom thauj, tus neeg nqa khoom tuaj yeem nres cov khoom xa tuaj ua ntej thauj khoom.
Reefer lossis Temperature -Controlled Cargo
Reefer cargo siv cov thawv txias txias kom tswj tau qhov kub thiab txias thaum lub caij thauj hauv hiav txwv. Cov piv txwv xws li cov nqaij nruab deg, cov nqaij khov, txiv hmab txiv ntoo, tshuaj, thiab qee yam khoom siv tshuaj.
Tus neeg xa khoom yuav tsum muab qhov ntsuas kub thiab txhua qhov cua los yog cov av noo. Piv txwv li, cov nqaij nruab deg khov yuav xav tau -18 degree, thaum cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo tshiab yuav xav tau qhov kub thiab txias tswj qhov cua.
B / L nws tus kheej yuav tsis tso saib txhua qhov kev teeb tsa, tab sis cov ntaub ntawv xa tuaj yuav tsum muaj cov lus qhia kom raug. Cov ntaub ntawv kub tsis raug tuaj yeem ua rau lub nkoj puas tsuaj txawm tias lub nkoj tuaj txog sijhawm.
Cargo nrog Ntoo Ntim
Ntoo pallets, crates, thiab cov rooj plaub yuav xav tau fumigation pov thawj los yog IPPC cov cim, nyob ntawm seb cov cai. IPPC yog hais txog International Plant Protection Convention marking siv los qhia cov ntim ntoo tau raug kho raws li cov qauv kev cai phytosanitary.
Qhov no feem ntau yog siv rau cov tshuab, qhov chaw pib, cov khoom siv rooj tog, cov khoom siv, thiab cov khoom loj loj ntim rau hauv rooj ntoo.
Ib qho cim uas ploj lawm lossis tsis raug cai yuav ua rau kev tshuaj xyuas, kho, rov qab los, lossis pov tseg ntawm qhov chaw. Qhov teeb meem yuav tsis tshwm sim thaum B / L sau ntawv, tab sis nws tuaj yeem dhau los ua qhov teeb meem tshem tawm qhov chaw.
Cov khoom tswj hwm lossis cov khoom muaj ntawv tso cai
Qee cov khoom thauj yuav tsum tau tso cai ntxiv lossis daim ntawv pov thawj vim yog kev tswj xyuas kev xa tawm, kev tswj hwm kev lag luam, kev cais tawm, cov qauv zoo, lossis cov neeg yuav khoom yuav tsum tau ua.
Piv txwv li:
- Export daim ntawv tso cai
- Import daim ntawv tso cai
- Kev soj ntsuam daim ntawv pov thawj
- Daim ntawv pov thawj Quarantine
- Daim ntawv pov thawj khoom
- Daim ntawv pov thawj zoo
- Daim ntawv pov thawj ntawm Keeb Kwm
Cov ntaub ntawv no tsis tas yuav tsum muaj rau txhua Daim Ntawv Sau Npe. Lawv nyob ntawm cov khoom, lub teb chaws keeb kwm, lub teb chaws qhov chaw, cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov neeg yuav khoom, thiab cov kev lis kev cai. Lawv tseem yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas ntxov vim tias B / L uas yog los ntawm nws tus kheej tsis tuaj yeem khaws cov khoom xa tuaj uas tsis muaj cov ntaub ntawv ua raws cai.
B/L Hom thiab Kev Tso Tawm: Cov ntaub ntawv tuaj yeem hloov pauv
Ua ntej qhov kawg B / L raug xa tawm, tus neeg xa khoom thiab tus neeg xa khoom yuav tsum lees paub qhov kev tso tawm. Qhov no cuam tshuam li cas cov khoom thauj yuav raug thov ntawm qhov chaw.
Original Bill of Lading
Ib Daim Ntawv Pov Thawj Tseem Ceeb ntawm Lading yog ib qho kev sib tham lossis lub npe -cov ntaub ntawv thauj khoom siv los tswj cov khoom tso tawm. Kev lig kev cai, nws tau muab tso rau hauv peb lub hauv paus, txawm tias kev coj ua tiag tiag nyob ntawm tus neeg nqa khoom thiab kev qhia.
Qhov kev xaiv no feem ntau tshwm sim thaum kev them nyiaj tsis tau them tag nrho, thaum tus neeg yuav khoom thiab tus neeg muag khoom xav tau kev tswj xyuas cov khoom thauj, lossis thaum Daim Ntawv Teev Tseg tau koom nrog.
Rau Thawj B/L cov khoom xa tuaj, cov ntsiab lus ntawm tus neeg xa khoom, ceeb toom rau tog neeg, lub sijhawm thauj khoom, cov lus piav qhia, xa tawm - ntawm - hnub tim, thiab tus naj npawb ntawm cov khoom qub yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas ua ntej tshaj tawm. Thaum cov ntawv luam tawm thiab tso tawm, kev hloov kho yuav nyuaj dua.
Telex Tso
Telex Release txhais tau hais tias tus neeg xa khoom tau tso cai rau Thawj B / L ntawm keeb kwm, thiab tus neeg nqa khoom lossis tus neeg sawv cev raug qhia kom tso cov khoom thauj ntawm qhov chaw uas tsis tau sau daim ntawv B / L.
Ntau tus neeg nqa khoom lossis cov neeg xa khoom xav tau cov lus qhia tso cai, tso cai tso cai telex, lossis Tsab Ntawv Them Nyiaj los ntawm tus neeg xa khoom.
Txoj kev no feem ntau yog thaum tus neeg yuav khoom tau them nyiaj dhau los lossis thaum cov tog neeg tsis xav tos xa cov ntaub ntawv qub. Nws tuaj yeem txuag lub sijhawm, tab sis nws kuj txo cov khoom thauj khoom thaum tso cai.
Hiav txwv Waybill lossis Express B / L
A Sea Waybill yog ib daim ntawv uas tsis yog -cov ntaub ntawv thauj mus los hauv hiav txwv. Tus neeg xa khoom tsis xav tau daim B / L thawj los thov cov khoom thauj. Cov khoom thauj feem ntau yog tso tawm rau tus neeg xa khoom npe tom qab tus kheej thiab cov kev cai hauv zos tau ua tiav.
Qhov no ua haujlwm zoo rau cov tuam txhab muaj feem cuam tshuam, cov neeg koom tes ntev -cov neeg koom tes, lossis cov khoom xa tuaj uas tau them nyiaj thiab tswj kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov khoom thauj.
Lub chaw xa khoom yuav tsum yog qhov tseeb. Txij li kev tso tawm tsis raug tswj los ntawm thawj cov ntaub ntawv nthuav qhia, lub npe tsis raug cai tuaj yeem tsim teeb meem tso tawm ncaj qha.
Txhawm rau xaj B / L thiab Daim Ntawv Qhia Txog Kev Xa Khoom
A To Order B/L feem ntau yog siv thaum lub txhab nyiaj lossis tus neeg muag khoom xav tswj hwm cov khoom kom txog rau thaum cov nyiaj them poob haujlwm. Raws li Tsab Ntawv Teev Tseg, lub txhab nyiaj tuaj yeem hais qhia seb B/L yuav tsum muab li cas.
Lub B / L yuav tsum tau ua kom haum raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua rau:
- Consignee wording
- Ceeb toom rau tog
- Cargo piav qhia
- Cov npe chaw nres nkoj
- Freight prepaid los yog sau
- Shipped - ntawm - hnub tim
- Tus naj npawb ntawm thawj B/Ls
- Cov lus pom zoo
Qhov no yog qhov uas ntau tus neeg xa khoom poob sijhawm. Cov khoom thauj yuav zoo, lub nkoj yuav caij nkoj raws sijhawm, tab sis lub txhab nyiaj tseem tuaj yeem tsis lees paub cov ntaub ntawv vim qhov tsis sib xws ntawm B / L, invoice, packing list, Certificate of Origin, los yog daim ntawv pov thawj.
Tsev B/L vs Master B/L: Qhov Ib Qhov Tseem Ceeb rau Koj Cov Ntaub Ntawv?
Master Bill of Lading, lossis MBL, feem ntau yog muab los ntawm tus neeg nqa dej hiav txwv mus rau tus neeg xa khoom thauj lossis NVOCC. Daim Ntawv Sau Npe Hauv Tsev, lossis HBL, feem ntau yog muab los ntawm tus xa khoom xa tuaj lossis NVOCC rau tus neeg xa khoom lossis tus tswv cov khoom thauj.
Ob leeg tseem ceeb.
MBL thiab HBL yuav tsum sib phim rau cov ntsiab lus xa khoom xa tuaj xws li lub nkoj, kev caij nkoj, tus lej ntim, tus lej foob, cov lus piav qhia, pob khoom kom muaj nuj nqis, qhov hnyav, thiab kev xa mus. Tab sis cov chaw xa khoom thiab cov neeg xa khoom tuaj yeem sib txawv vim tias MBL tuaj yeem qhia tus neeg xa khoom thiab tus neeg sawv cev, thaum HBL tuaj yeem qhia tus neeg muag khoom thiab tus neeg yuav khoom.
Qhov no yog ib txwm nyob rau hauv freight forwarding. Qhov kev pheej hmoo tshwm sim thaum qhov sib txawv tsis tswj hwm. Yog tias HBL hais tias ib tus neeg saib xyuas qhov chaw thiab MBL qhia lwm tus, lossis yog tias pob khoom sib txawv, cov khoom xa tawm tuaj yeem tawg ntawm qhov chaw.
Rau cov neeg siv khoom siv tus xa khoom, nws tsis txaus los nug, "Kuv puas muaj B / L?" Cov lus nug zoo dua yog: "Kuv puas siv HBL, MBL, lossis ob qho tib si, thiab cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb sib phim?"
Bill of Lading Documents vs Customs Clearance Documents
B/L cov ntaub ntawv thiab cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj kev lis kev cai sib tshooj, tab sis lawv tsis zoo ib yam.
Cov ntaub ntawv ncaj qha siv rau B / L kev tshaj tawm suav nrog Shipping Instruction, booking confirmation, shipper thiab consignee cov ntsiab lus, cargo piav qhia, pob kom muaj nuj nqis, tag nrho cov hnyav, CBM, thawv naj npawb, foob naj npawb, freight lub sij hawm, thiab tso tawm txoj kev.
Cov ntaub ntawv tshem tawm kev lis kev cai tuaj yeem suav nrog daim ntawv xa nyiaj lag luam, cov ntawv ntim khoom, daim ntawv tshaj tawm xa tawm, Daim Ntawv Pov Thawj Keeb Kwm, daim ntawv tso cai ntshuam, daim ntawv pov thawj tshuaj xyuas, daim ntawv pov thawj cais tawm, daim ntawv pov hwm pov hwm, lossis cov ntaub ntawv ruaj ntseg xws li ISF rau US-bound cargo.
Daim ntawv tshaj tawm kev lag luam thiab cov ntawv ntim khoom zaum hauv nruab nrab. Lawv yog cov ntaub ntawv kev lag luam thiab kev lis kev cai, tab sis lawv kuj tau siv hnyav los txheeb xyuas B / L.
Qhov kev sib txawv no tseem ceeb. Yog tias tus neeg xa khoom nug seb daim ntawv pov thawj ntawm Keeb Kwm puas xav tau "rau B / L," cov lus teb muaj tseeb dua feem ntau: tsis yog rau kev tshaj tawm B / L nws tus kheej, tab sis nws yuav xav tau rau kev lis kev lis kev cai, txo lub luag haujlwm, lossis kev ua raws li tus neeg yuav khoom.
Cov txheej txheem ntaub ntawv zoo tsis sib xyaw tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv rau hauv ib pawg. Nws cais tawm B / L, kev lis kev cai clearance, banking, pov hwm, thiab tshwj xeeb cargo ua raws.
Yuav Ua Li Cas Daim Ntawv Pov Hwm Kev Tshaj Tawm Ua Haujlwm Ua Haujlwm
Cov txheej txheem B / L feem ntau ua raws li qhov tseeb.
Ua ntej, qhov booking tau lees paub. Qhov no muab cov khoom xa tuaj rau tus neeg nqa khoom, lub nkoj, kev caij nkoj, txoj kev, tus lej booking, chaw nres nkoj ntawm kev thauj khoom, chaw nres nkoj tawm, thiab hom thawv.
Qhov thib ob, tus neeg xa khoom lossis tus neeg xa khoom xa tuaj xa daim ntawv qhia Shipping. Qhov no yog qhov uas feem ntau B/L teb tau txhais.
Thib peb, cov ntaub ntawv thauj khoom tau lees paub. Rau FCL kev xa khoom, qhov no suav nrog tus lej ntim, tus lej foob, VGM, qhov hnyav tag nrho, thiab qhov kawg pob kom muaj nuj nqis. VGM txhais tau tias Kev Tshawb Fawb Tag Nrho, qhov pom tseeb qhov hnyav ntawm lub thawv ntim khoom xav tau ua ntej thauj khoom.
Plaub, tus neeg nqa khoom, NVOCC, lossis tus xa khoom xa tawm tsab ntawv B / L. Cov qauv no yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas ua ntej tso tawm zaum kawg. Tus neeg xa khoom yuav tsum muab piv rau SI, daim ntawv them nqi, daim ntawv teev npe, daim ntawv lees paub, thiab cov lus qhia ntawm tus neeg yuav khoom.
Thib tsib, qhov kawg B / L yog muab. Raws li kev qhia, qhov no yuav yog Thawj B / L, tso tseg B / L nrog Telex Release, lossis Sea Waybill.
Lub sijhawm phem tshaj plaws los kuaj Daim Ntawv Pov Thawj yog tom qab cov khoom thauj tuaj txog. Txij thaum ntawd los, qhov yuam kev twb tau mus txog tus neeg nqa khoom, tus neeg saib xyuas qhov chaw, tus neeg ua haujlwm kev lis kev cai, tus neeg xa khoom, thiab qee zaum lub txhab nyiaj.
Feem ntau yuam kev thaum npaj cov ntaub ntawv B/L
Feem ntau cov teeb meem B/L tsis nyuaj. Lawv yog cov yuam kev yooj yim uas tsis tau ntes thaum ntxov.
Feem ntau yuam kev suav nrog:
- Tsis yog lossis tsis tiav lub npe ntawm tus neeg xa khoom
- Nthuav qhia party
- Vague cargo piav qhia
- Cov lus piav qhia ntawm cov khoom thauj tsis sib xws nrog daim ntawv xa nyiaj lossis cov ntawv ntim khoom
- Tsis yog pob khoom kom muaj nuj nqis
- Qhov hnyav tag nrho lossis CBM tsis sib haum
- Tsis yog lub thawv naj npawb lossis tus lej foob
- Freight prepaid / sau sau tsis raug
- Tsis paub cov khoom txaus ntshai
- B / L hom lossis txoj kev tso tawm tsis tau lees paub
- Letter of Credit xav tau ignored
- Draft B/L pom zoo sai heev
Ua piv txwv yooj yim: kev xa khoom ntawm 2 x 40HQ ntim ntawm hluav taws xob scooter los ntawm Shenzhen mus rau Los Angeles. Yog tias cov ntaub ntawv roj teeb lithium ploj lawm los ntawm DG lossis cov ntaub ntawv roj teeb, cov khoom xa tuaj yuav raug tuav ua ntej thauj khoom. Yog tias cov khoom thauj tau piav qhia tsuas yog "scooters," tus neeg nqa khoom yuav nug kom meej. Yog tias daim ntawv them nqi, cov ntawv ntim khoom, thiab B / L tsis sib haum, Asmeskas kev lis kev cai lossis tus neeg yuav khoom tus neeg yuav khoom tuaj yeem nug cov lus nug ntawm qhov chaw.
B/L tsis yog qhov chaw koj zais cov ntaub ntawv tsis meej txog cov khoom thauj. Nws yog qhov uas cov ntaub ntawv tsis meej yuav pom.
Leej twg npaj thiab txheeb xyuas cov ntaub ntawv rau daim nqi ntawm Lading?
Ob peb tog kov B/L, tab sis lawv lub luag haujlwm tsis zoo ib yam.
| Party | Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb |
|---|---|
| Tus neeg xa khoom | Muab SI, invoice, packing list, cargo details, party details, and release instruction |
| Freight Forwarder | Tshawb xyuas cov ntaub ntawv sib xws, xa SI, koom tes nrog cov neeg nqa khoom lossis NVOCC, tshuaj xyuas cov qauv B / L |
| Carrier / NVOCC | Tshaj tawm B / L raws li cov lus qhia thiab cov ntaub ntawv xa tuaj |
| Tus neeg xa khoom | Paub meej tias ntshuam npe, chaw nyob, kev lis kev cai, thiab kev xav tau tso tawm |
| Kev lis kev cai Broker | Tshawb xyuas cov ntaub ntawv kev lis kev cai thiab cov kev cai tshem tawm qhov chaw |
Tus neeg xa khoom muaj qhov tseeb ntawm kev lag luam thiab cov ntaub ntawv thauj khoom. Tus neeg nqa khoom muab cov ntaub ntawv thauj khoom. Lub freight forwarder zaum ntawm ob sab thiab yuav tsum tau txais kev tsis sib haum xeeb ua ntej lawv dhau los ua tus neeg nqa khoom lossis teeb meem kev lis kev cai.
Qhov ntawd yog qhov uas tus neeg xa khoom ntxiv tus nqi tiag tiag. Qhov chaw booking tsuas yog ib feem ntawm txoj haujlwm. Kev tswj cov ntaub ntawv yog dab tsi khaws cov khoom thauj tom qab lub nkoj sailing.
Thaum twg koj yuav tsum nug tus neeg xa khoom thauj khoom los tshuaj xyuas cov ntaub ntawv B / L?
Qee cov khoom xa tuaj yog yooj yim txaus rau kev ua haujlwm niaj hnub. Lwm tus yuav tsum tau tshuaj xyuas ua ntej SI raug xa mus.
Nug rau freight forwarder tshuaj xyuas thaum cov khoom xa tuaj nrog:
- Thawj -lub sij hawm export lossis import
- Tsab ntawv ntawm kev them nyiaj
- Cov khoom phom sij, roj teeb, tshuaj lom neeg, lossis kua dej
- Reefer khoom
- Siab - cov tshuab lossis khoom siv
- LCL consolidation los ntawm ntau tus neeg xa khoom
- Ob leeg HBL thiab MBL
- Telex Release lossis Sea Waybill
- Kev cai lis kev cai nruj heev
- Cov khoom xa tuaj ntawm Tuam Tshoj mus rau lub khw tshiab
Piv txwv li, ntau tus neeg xa khoom LCL xa khoom los ntawm Yiwu, Guangzhou, thiab Ningbo mus rau Dubai yuav suav nrog cov thawv los ntawm tsib lub Hoobkas. Cov npe ntim khoom siv yuav siv cov khoom sib txawv, cov npe khoom sib txawv, thiab cov qauv hnyav sib txawv. Yog tias cov ntsiab lus no tsis yog tus qauv ua ntej B / L cov qauv, cov ntaub ntawv kawg yuav raug muab tawm tab sis ua haujlwm tsis zoo.
Qhov ua ntej tus xa mus kuaj cov ntaub ntawv, qhov kev kho tsawg dua yuav tsum tau tom qab.
Daim ntawv txheeb xyuas zaum kawg ua ntej pom zoo rau daim nqi ntawm Lading
Ua ntej pom zoo daim ntawv B / L, xyuas txhua daim teb tiv thaiv cov ntaub ntawv xa khoom.
- Lub npe xa khoom puas yog?
- Lub npe ntawm tus neeg xa khoom puas yog tiag tiag?
- Kev ceeb toom tog puas tiav?
- Puas yog cov lus piav qhia ntawm cov khoom thauj khoom sib xws nrog daim ntawv them nqi thiab cov npe ntim khoom?
- Puas yog pob khoom kom muaj nuj nqis, qhov hnyav tag nrho, thiab CBM puas yog?
- Lub thawv naj npawb thiab tus lej foob puas raug?
- Puas yog qhov chaw nres nkoj ntawm qhov chaw thau khoom thiab chaw nres nkoj ntawm qhov tso tawm raug?
- Qhov chaw xa khoom puas yog?
- Puas yog freight prepaid los yog sau qhia kom raug?
- Puas yog hom B / L lees paub?
- Puas yog txoj kev tso tawm tau lees paub?
- Puas yog DG cov ntaub ntawv ua tiav, yog tias muaj?
- Puas yog cov lus qhia txog qhov kub thiab txias ua tiav, yog tias muaj?
- Puas yog cov kev cai ntim khoom raug kuaj xyuas, yog tias muaj?
- Puas yog Daim Ntawv Teev Cov Cai Lij Choj raug kuaj xyuas, yog tias tsim nyog?
- Puas yog tus neeg yuav khoom lossis tus neeg xa khoom tau lees paub cov qauv, yog tias xav tau?
Tsis pom zoo rau daim ntawv B / L vim tias lub nkoj tab tom yuav tawm mus. Kev pom zoo nrawm tuaj yeem raug nqi ntau dua li kev kho luv luv ua ntej qhov kev tshaj tawm zaum kawg.
FAQ Txog Cov Ntaub Ntawv Xav Tau rau Daim Ntawv Sau Npe
Dab tsi yog daim ntawv tseem ceeb tshaj plaws rau kev tshaj tawm Daim Ntawv Pov Thawj?
Daim Ntawv Qhia Txog Kev Xa Khoom yog cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb tshaj plaws vim tias daim ntawv teev nqi ntawm Lading feem ntau yog npaj los ntawm nws. Daim ntawv sau nqi thiab cov ntawv ntim khoom siv los txheeb xyuas cov ntaub ntawv, tab sis SI qhia rau tus neeg nqa khoom lossis tus neeg xa khoom yuav ua li cas B / L yuav tsum tau muab.
Puas yog daim ntawv them nqi lag luam xav tau rau Daim Ntawv Sau Npe?
Hauv ntau cov khoom xa tuaj tiag tiag, yog, tus neeg xa khoom yuav thov nws. Daim ntawv tshaj tawm kev lag luam pab txheeb xyuas cov lus piav qhia ntawm cov khoom thauj, tus nqi, tus neeg yuav khoom thiab cov ntaub ntawv muag khoom, Incoterms, thiab kev lis kev cai- cov ntaub ntawv ntsig txog. Nws tsis zoo ib yam li B/L, tab sis nws pab tiv thaiv B/L yuam kev.
Puas yog daim ntawv teev npe yuav tsum tau muab Daim Ntawv Pov Thawj Ua Haujlwm?
Nws raug pom zoo thiab feem ntau thov. Cov ntawv ntim khoom lees paub cov pob khoom ntau, qhov hnyav, qhov ntev, CBM, thiab hom ntim. Cov ntsiab lus no yuav tsum ua raws li Daim Ntawv Pov Thawj.
Cov ntaub ntawv dab tsi xav tau rau cov khoom txaus ntshai B / L?
Kev xa khoom txaus ntshai feem ntau xav tau MSDS, Daim Ntawv Ceeb Toom Cov Khoom Txaus Ntshai, UN tus lej, IMDG chav kawm, pawg ntim khoom, teeb nyem yog tias tsim nyog, cov ntaub ntawv tiv tauj thaum muaj xwm txheej ceev, thiab kev pom zoo ntawm tus neeg nqa khoom. Qhov yuav tsum tau muaj tseeb nyob ntawm cov khoom thauj thiab thauj.
Puas tuaj yeem hloov daim nqi ntawm Lading tom qab muab?
Yog lawm, tab sis kev hloov pauv yuav xav tau kev pom zoo los ntawm tus neeg nqa khoom thiab tus nqi hloov kho. Yog tias cov khoom qub tau tso tawm, cov txheej txheem yuav nyuaj dua. Yog tias cov khoom thauj tuaj txog ntawm qhov chaw, qhov ncua sij hawm tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau kev lis kev cai thiab kev tso tawm cov khoom thauj.
Dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm B / L cov ntaub ntawv thiab cov ntaub ntawv kev lis kev cai?
Cov ntaub ntawv B / L yog siv los npaj thiab muab cov ntaub ntawv thauj mus los. Cov ntaub ntawv kev lis kev cai yog siv rau kev tshaj tawm xa tawm, kev tshem tawm cov khoom lag luam, kev suav nyiaj, ntawv tso cai, thiab kev tswj hwm kev tswj hwm. Cov ntawv xa nyiaj thiab cov ntawv ntim khoom feem ntau txhawb nqa ob sab, tab sis ob pawg yuav tsum tsis txhob totaub.
Kuv puas xav tau cov ntaub ntawv ntxiv rau Telex Release?
Feem ntau yog. Tus neeg xa khoom tuaj yeem yuav tsum tau muab cov lus qhia tso cai, tso cai tso tawm telex, lossis Tsab Ntawv Indemnity. Tus neeg nqa khoom lossis tus neeg xa khoom yuav lees paub qhov yuav tsum tau ua ua ntej tso cov khoom thauj yam tsis muaj thawj B / L nthuav qhia.
Kev xav zaum kawg
Cov ntaub ntawv xav tau rau daim nqi ntawm Lading hauv hiav txwv shipping tsis txwv rau ib daim ntawv. Qhov tseeb B / L yog nyob ntawm Shipping Instruction, booking details, coj mus muag invoice, packing list, cargo data, party information, container details, release method, and any special cargo files.
Lub hom phiaj tiag tiag tsis yog kom tau txais Daim Ntawv Teev Npe ntawm Lading. Lub hom phiaj yog muab daim B/L uas txhawb nqa kev lis kev cai zoo, kev tso tawm kom huv si, thiab kev pheej hmoo tsawg - xa mus rau qhov chaw.
Zhejiang Wilson Supply Chain Management Co., Ltd.txhawb nqa hiav txwv freight shipping los ntawm Tuam Tshoj nrog booking, ntaub ntawv tshuaj xyuas, B / L kev sib koom tes, kev lis kev cai daim ntawv kuaj, thiab tshwj xeeb cargo tuav. Yog tias koj xav tau kev pab xyuas cov ntaub ntawv B / L ua ntej xa khoom, peb pab neeg tuaj yeem tshuaj xyuas cov ntaub ntawv thiab qhia cov kauj ruam tom ntej.
Hu rau Wilsonrau hiav txwv freight cov ntaub ntawv txhawb nqa ua ntej koj cov khoom xa tuaj.
