Hiav txwv freight nqitsis nyuaj rau xam vim lej nyuaj. Lawv nyuaj rau xam vim hais tias ntau cov quotes tsuas yog qhia ib feem ntawm tus nqi.
Tus neeg yuav khoom yuav pom tus nqi thauj khoom hiav txwv ntawm USD 1,800 rau ib lub thawv thiab xav tias yog tag nrho cov nqi xa khoom. Nws tsis tshua muaj. Daim nqi kawg kuj tseem suav nrog cov nqi keeb kwm, cov nqi xa mus, kev lis kev cai, tsheb thauj mus los, cov ntaub ntawv, kev tuav pov hwm, lub luag haujlwm, se, khaws cia, demurrage, kaw, thiab cov nqi tshwj xeeb.
Yog vim li cas thawj txoj cai yog yooj yim:
Tsis txhob suav cov nqi thauj khoom hiav txwv los ntawm kev saib tus nqi thauj khoom hiav txwv ib leeg.
Kev xam cov nqi thauj khoom hiav txwv kom raug yuav tsum teb peb nqe lus nug:
- Puas yog koj shipping los ntawmFCLlos yogLCL?
- Tus nqi them nqi yog dab tsi?
- Cov nqi hauv zos twg, cov nqi ntxiv, cov nqi kev lis kev cai, thiab cov nqi xa khoom?
Phau ntawv qhia no piav qhia yuav ua li cas xam cov nqi thauj khoom hiav txwv ib kauj ruam, nrog rau cov piv txwv zoo rau LCL, FCL, thiab FCL vs LCL kev sib piv.
Teb ceev: Tus nqi hiav txwv Freight Formula
Qhov kev ua tau zoo tshaj plaws hauv hiav txwv freight tus nqi yog:
Tag Nrho Hiav Txwv Freight Tus Nqi=Dej hiav txwv Freight + Nqis Keeb Kwm + Cov Nqi Them Nqi + Cov Nqi Them + Cov Nqi Them + Kev Them Nqi + Kev Thauj Mus Los Hauv Tebchaws + Kev Pov Hwm + Lub Luag Haujlwm & Se + Cov Nqi Ntxiv
Cov qauv no ua haujlwm zoo dua li qhov yooj yim "pem freight + surcharge" qauv vim tias feem ntau cov khoom xa tuaj tiag tsis yog chaw nres nkoj - rau - chaw nres nkoj nkaus xwb. Ntau tus neeg yuav khoom xav tau tuaj nqa los ntawm lub Hoobkas, kev xa tawm tuav, kev tshaj tawm kev lis kev cai, qhov chaw nres nkoj tso tawm, tshem tawm cov khoom xa tuaj, thiab xa khoom kawg.
Nov yog qee yam khoom siv tus nqi txhais tau tias:
| Cov khoom siv kos duab | Nws txhais li cas | Piv txwv |
|---|---|---|
| Dej hiav txwv Freight | Chaw nres nkoj - mus rau - chaw nres nkoj hiav txwv thauj | Thawv tus nqi, LCL tus nqi ib W / M |
| Keeb kwm nqi | Them nqi ntawm sab export | Keeb kwm THC, cov ntaub ntawv, kev tshaj tawm xa tawm, CFS tuav |
| Nqis qhov chaw | Them nqi ntawm sab ntshuam | Destination THC, tso tawm nqi, tuav hauv zos, CFS deconsolidation |
| Cov nqi ntxiv | Tus neeg nqa khoom lossis kev lag luam-tsav ntxiv-ons | BAF, PSS, GRI, congestion surcharge |
| Kev lis kev cai Clearance | Kev lis kev cai tshaj tawm tus nqi pabcuam | Export clearance, import clearance |
| Kev thauj mus los hauv av | Trucking ua ntej los yog tom qab hiav txwv freight | Lub Hoobkas tuaj tos, chaw nres nkoj - mus rau - qhov rooj xa khoom |
| Kev pov hwm | Cargo tiv thaiv kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev thauj mus los | Marine cargo insurance |
| Duties & Taxes | Tsoom fwv tsub nqi nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws qhov chaw | Import lub luag haujlwm, VAT, GST, se muag |
| Tus nqi ntxiv | Cov nqi tshwm sim los ntawm kev ncua lossis kev tuav tshwj xeeb | Cia, demurrage, kaw, tshuaj xyuas, tus nqi hnyav |
Yog tias koj tsuas yog xav tau qhov chaw nres nkoj ntxhib-rau- qhov chaw nres nkoj kwv yees, koj tuaj yeem suav cov khoom thauj dej hiav txwv ntxiv rau tus nqi thauj khoom. Yog tias koj xav tau nyiaj txiag logistics tiag tiag, siv daim ntawv qhia tag nrho.
Qhov txawv ntawd tseem ceeb.
Kauj Ruam 1: Xaiv Koj Hom Shipping - FCL lossis LCL
Ua ntej xam cov nqi thauj khoom hiav txwv, koj yuav tsum paub seb cov khoom xa tuaj puas yuav txav mus losFCL los yog LCL.
FCL, lossis Full Container Load, txhais tau tias koj book ib lub thawv tag nrho. Lub thawv yuav yog 20GP, 40GP, 40HQ, 45HQ, lossis ib lub thawv tshwj xeeb xws li cov khib nyiab, qhib sab saum toj, lossis reefer. Feem ntau, FCL hiav txwv freight yog them raws li tus nqi tiaj tus ib lub thawv.
LCL, los yog Tsawg dua Thawv Load, txhais tau tias koj cov khoom thauj khoom sib koom nrog cov khoom los ntawm lwm tus neeg xa khoom. LCL feem ntau yog them los ntawm W / M, uas txhais tau tias Nyhav lossis Ntsuas. Hauv kev xyaum, tus nqi them tau raws li tus lej siab dua ntawm cov khoom ntim hauv CBM thiab qhov hnyav tag nrho hauv metric tons.
Tus nqi logic txawv.
| Shipping Hom | Yuav Them Li Cas | Zoo tshaj rau | Tus Nqi Tseem Ceeb Risk |
|---|---|---|---|
| FCL | Ib lub thawv | Kev xa khoom loj dua, cov tshuab hnyav, siab - ntim cov khoom thauj, cov khoom xav tau tsawg dua | Qhov chaw khoob hauv lub thawv yog tias cov khoom ntim me me dhau |
| LCL | Raws li W / M, feem ntau yog raws li CBM lossis hnyav tons | Kev xa khoom me me, kev txiav txim mus sib hais, ib nrab ntawm cov khoom thauj | Cov nqi hauv zos siab, nqi tsawg kawg nkaus, cov nqi CFS |
| Ntim tshwj xeeb | Ib lub thawv ntxiv rau kev tuav tshwj xeeb | Loj, hnyav, kub-sensitive cargo | Kev lees txais cov neeg nqa khoom, cov khoom siv muaj, cov nqi thauj khoom |
Piv txwv li, 3 CBM xa khoom ntawm cov khoom seem ntawm Ningbo mus rau Hamburg feem ntau yog LCL xa khoom. A 58 CBM kev xa khoom ntawm cov rooj tog zaum feem ntau yuav txav los ntawm 40HQ, vim tias them cov nqi LCL ntawm qhov ntim ntawd tsis zoo li yuav ua rau muaj kev nkag siab.
Ib qho yuam kev feem ntau yog xaiv LCL vim tias cov khoom thauj tsis "sau" lub thawv. Thaum lub ntim nce mus txog qee qhov taw tes, FCL tuaj yeem pheej yig dua, huv dua, thiab nyab xeeb dua.
Kauj Ruam 2: Muab xam Cargo Volume hauv CBM
CBM, los yog cubic meter, yog tus qauv ntim tsev siv hauv hiav txwv freight, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau LCL xa khoom. Nws qhia tus neeg xa khoom ntau npaum li cas qhov chaw koj cov khoom yuav nyob.
CBM formula yog:
CBM=Length × Dav × Qhov siab × Quantity
Yog hais tias qhov ntev yog nyob rau hauv meters:
CBM=Length(m) × Dav(m) × Qhov siab(m) × Number of Cartons
Yog hais tias qhov ntev yog nyob rau hauv centimeters:
CBM=Length(cm) × Dav(cm) × Qhov siab(cm) × Quantity ÷ 1,000,000
Piv txwv li, koj xa 10 cartons. Txhua lub thawv ntsuas:
- Ntev: 60 cm
- Dav: 40 cm
- Qhov siab: 50 cm
Kev suav yog:
60 × 40 × 50 × 10 ÷ 1,000, 000=1.20 CBM
Yog li tag nrho cov khoom ntim yog 1.20 CBM.
Thaum xam cov nqi thauj khoom hiav txwv, siv cov khoom ntim sab nraud, tsis yog cov khoom loj. Yog tias cov khoom ntim rau ntawm pallets, ntsuas lub palletized cargo. Cov khoom yuav zoo li me me, tab sis ib zaug ntim nrog cov thawv, ua npuas ncauj, ntoo crates, lossis pallets, lub ntim ntim tuaj yeem nce siab.
Qhov no feem ntau yog cov rooj tog zaum, cov khoom siv yas, cov khoom siv khib nyiab, cov khoom siv rwb thaiv tsev, thiab cov khoom siv hnyav.
Kauj Ruam 3: Muab xam W/M rau LCL Shipping
Rau LCL hiav txwv freight, ntau forwarders thiab consolidators siv W / M pricing.
W/M txhais tau tias Nyhav lossis Ntsuas.Tus neeg nqa khoom sib piv cov khoom xa tuaj tag nrho CBM nrog nws qhov hnyav tag nrho hauv metric tons. Tus lej siab dua dhau los ua tus nqi W / M.
Cov mis yog:
Chargeable W/M=max (Tag nrho CBM, Tag Nrho Nyhav hauv Metric Tons)
Ib metric ton sib npaug 1,000 kg.
Nov yog ib qho piv txwv yooj yim:
| Yam khoom | Tus nqi |
|---|---|
| Tag nrho ntim | 1.20 CWB |
| Qhov hnyav tag nrho | 6 50kg |
| Qhov hnyav tag nrho hauv Metric Tons | 0,65t ua |
| Chargeable W/M | 1.20 W/M |
Vim tias 1.20 CBM siab dua 0.65 tons, cov khoom xa tuaj yog them raws li 1.20 W / M.
Tam sim no nqa ib qho khoom thauj sib txawv:
| Yam khoom | Tus nqi |
|---|---|
| Tag nrho ntim | 1.00 CWB |
| Qhov hnyav tag nrho | 2,800 Kg |
| Qhov hnyav tag nrho hauv Metric Tons | 2,80t ua |
| Chargeable W/M | 2.80 W/M |
Vim tias cov khoom thauj hnyav, tus nqi W / M yog raws li qhov hnyav.
Qhov no yog vim li cas cov lus "them los ntawm ntim" tsis yog ib txwm raug rau LCL. Lub teeb cargo feem ntau them los ntawm CBM. Cov khoom thauj hnyav yuav raug them los ntawm qhov hnyav tons.
Rau kev xa khoom lag luam feem ntau, tus xa khoom xav tau ob qho tib si qhov ntev thiab qhov hnyav tag nrho. Yog tsis muaj ob qho tib si, LCL kwv yees tsis tiav.
Kauj ruam 4: Xam FCL Hiav Txwv Freight Nqi
Rau FCL kev xa khoom, lub hauv paus dej hiav txwv freight feem ntau yog hais rau ib lub thawv.
Kev suav FCL raug pib nrog:
FCL Tag Nrho Tus Nqi=Thawv Tus Nqi + Tus Nqi Keeb Kwm + Tus Nqi Tshaj Tawm + Cov Nqi Tshaj Tawm + Kev Them Nqi Them + Tsheb thauj mus + Kev Pov Hwm + Tus Nqi Ntxiv
Tus nqi ntim khoom nyob ntawm txoj kev, hom ntim khoom, kab xa khoom, qhov chaw nkoj, thiab kev lag luam.
Cov thawv ntim khoom uas muaj xws li:
| Ntim Hom | Siv dav | Nqi Logic |
|---|---|---|
| 20 GP ib | Heavy cargo, machinery, ntom khoom | Feem ntau siv thaum qhov hnyav nce mus txog qhov txwv ua ntej ntim |
| 40 GP ib | Nruab nrab mus rau loj cargo | Ntau qhov ntim ntau dua 20GP, tab sis qhov siab qis dua 40HQ |
| 40 HQ / 40HC | Cov rooj tog zaum, cov khoom siv hauv tsev, cov khoom loj loj | Nrov rau siab - ntim khoom |
| Qhib Sab saum toj | Cov khoom thauj siab uas tsis tuaj yeem thauj khoom los ntawm lub qhov rooj txheem | Cov cuab yeej siv siab dua thiab tus nqi tuav |
| Flat Rack | Oversized machinery, tsheb, project cargo | Yuav tsum muaj kev ruaj ntseg tshwj xeeb thiab kev tso cai los ntawm tus neeg nqa khoom |
| Reefer | Kub- tswj cov khoom thauj | Lub thawv siab dua thiab lub zog- ntsig txog tus nqi |
A 20GP tsis yog ib nrab ntawm tus nqi ntawm 40HQ. Tus nqi sib txawv nyob ntawm txoj kev thiab lub thawv ntim khoom. Ntawm qee txoj kab, 40HQ tus nqi yuav tsuas yog siab dua li tus nqi 20GP, uas tuaj yeem ua rau 40HQ tus nqi ntau dua -zoo rau cov khoom loj.
Rau FCL, ntim tseem ceeb heev vim tias cov khoom thauj yuav tsum haum rau hauv lub thawv. Tab sis tus nqi thauj khoom feem ntau tsis suav nrog CBM. Yog tias koj book ib 40HQ, koj them rau lub thawv ntawd txawm tias koj sau 45 CBM lossis 65 CBM.
Qhov no yog vim li cas kev npaj thauj khoom tseem ceeb. Kev ntim khoom tsis zoo tuaj yeem tig ib lub thawv rau hauv ob.
Kauj Ruam 5: Ntxiv cov nqi pib
Keeb kwm nqiyog cov export-sab nqi ua ntej lub thawv lossis LCL cargo tawm ntawm qhov chaw nres nkoj.
Rau kev xa khoom los ntawm Tuam Tshoj, cov nqi hauv paus chiv keeb yuav suav nrog:
- Txais tos los ntawm tus neeg muag khoom lossis lub Hoobkas
- Export kev lis kev cai tshaj tawm
- Keeb kwm davhlau ya nyob twg tuav nqi, feem ntau hu ua THC
- Cov ntaub ntawv tus nqi
- Booking nqi
- Thawv thauj khoom lossis chaw khaws khoom
- CFS tuav rau LCL cargo
- VGM xa rau FCL ntim
- Cov nqi thauj khoom thiab chaw nres nkoj nkag
Rau FOB cov khoom xa tuaj, ntau tus nqi pib yog tswj hwm los ntawm tus neeg muag khoom lossis tus muag khoom ua ntej cov khoom xa tuaj ntawm qhov chaw nres nkoj. Rau EXW cov khoom xa tuaj, tus neeg yuav khoom feem ntau yuav tsum suav yuav luag tag nrho cov hauv paus chiv keeb - cov nqi sab hauv los ntawm lub rooj vag Hoobkas.
Qhov ntawd yog qhov sib txawv loj.
Piv txwv li, kev yuav hauv EXW los ntawm lub Hoobkas hauv Yiwu thiab kev xa khoom ntawm Ningbo tuaj yeem xav tau kev thauj khoom hauv tsev, kev tshaj tawm kev lis kev cai, warehouse txais, thauj khoom, thiab chaw nres nkoj ua ntej kev thauj khoom hiav txwv txawm pib. Raws li FOB Ningbo, qee qhov ntawm cov khoom xa tawm - cov nqi sab nrauv yuav raug them los ntawm tus muag khoom.
Ua ntej xam cov nqi thauj khoom hiav txwv, paub meej tias Incoterms. Txwv tsis pub, koj tuaj yeem suav cov nqi tsis raug.
Kauj Ruam 6: Ntxiv Cov Nqi Them Nqi
Nqis qhov chawyog cov ntshuam- sab hauv zos cov nqi tom qab lub nkoj tuaj txog ntawm qhov chaw nres nkoj tawm.
Cov nqi no feem ntau nkag siab yuam kev vim tias lawv yuav tsis tshwm sim kom meej meej hauv kev xa khoom hauv hiav txwv qis.
Feem ntau cov nqi xa mus suav nrog:
| Kev Them Nyiaj | Dab tsi Nws npog |
|---|---|
| Qhov chaw THC | Terminal tuav ntawm qhov chaw nres nkoj tuaj txog |
| Tus nqi xaj xaj | Tso cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm tus neeg nqa khoom lossis tus neeg sawv cev |
| Tus nqi tuav hauv zos | Tus neeg saib xyuas lossis tus neeg xa khoom xa mus ntawm qhov chaw |
| CFS Deconsolidation Nqi | Unloading thiab sorting LCL cargo |
| Chaw nres nkoj Cia | Kev khaws cia tom qab lub sijhawm dawb tas sijhawm |
| Tus nqi kuaj xyuas kev lis kev cai | Cov nqi cuam tshuam nrog kev kuaj xyuas kev lis kev cai |
| Trucking / Delivery | Chaw nres nkoj - mus rau - qhov rooj lossis lub tsev xa khoom |
Rau LCL cov khoom xa tuaj, cov nqi xa khoom tuaj yeem ua rau mob. Cov khoom thauj yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm los ntawm ib lub thawv sib koom ua ke, txav mus los ntawm CFS warehouse, txheeb, tso tawm, thiab qee zaum khaws cia ua ntej tuaj tos. Txhua kauj ruam yuav tsim tus nqi hauv zos.
Tus nqi thauj khoom hiav txwv qis tsis yog ib txwm txhais tau tias tus nqi thauj khoom qis.
Thaum sib piv cov nqe lus, xyuas seb cov nqi xa khoom puas suav nrog, kwv yees, lossis tsis suav nrog. Ib qhov chaw nres nkoj - mus rau - chaw nres nkoj hais nrog pheej yig ocean freight tuaj yeem ua tau kim thaum qhov chaw tuav thiab tso nqi ntxiv.
Kauj ruam 7: Ntxiv Surcharges
Hiav txwv freight surcharges yog ntxiv cov nqi ntxiv rau lub hauv paus dej hiav txwv freight. Qee tus tau tsav los ntawm cov neeg nqa khoom. Qee qhov txuas nrog roj, lub caij nyoog, kev sib tsoo, lossis kev hloov pauv hauv khw.
Common surcharges muaj xws li:
| Tus nqi ntxiv | Lub ntsiab lus | Common Charging Basis |
|---|---|---|
| BAF | Bunker Adjustment Factor, txuas rau cov nqi roj | Ib lub thawv lossis feem pua |
| PSS | Peak Season Surcharge | Ib lub thawv lossis W / M |
| GRI | General Rate nce | Ib lub thawv |
| PCS | Chaw nres nkoj Congestion Surcharge | Ib lub thawv los yog khoom xa tuaj |
| ISPS | Kev ruaj ntseg- ntsig txog qhov chaw nres nkoj | Ib lub thawv los yog khoom xa tuaj |
| Overweight Surcharge | Rau cov khoom thauj tshaj qhov hnyav li qub | Ib lub thawv los yog rooj plaub |
| War Risk / Emergency Surcharge | Rau siab - txoj kev pheej hmoo lossis kev cuam tshuam | Txoj kev - tshwj xeeb |
Qee qhov kev them nqi ntxiv tau hais raws li tus nqi tas. Lwm tus yuav raug xam raws li feem pua ntawm cov khoom thauj hauv paus.
Piv txwv li:
- Base hiav txwv freight rau 1 × 20GP: USD 1,200
- Tus nqi roj: 15%
- Chaw nres nkoj congestion surcharge: 5%
Tus nqi ntxiv=1,200 × 20%=USD 240
Chaw nres nkoj - rau - chaw nres nkoj freight=1, 200 + 240=USD 1,440
Qhov kev piv txwv no tsuas yog ib qho qauv xam. Hauv kev xa khoom tiag tiag, cov nqi ntxiv yuav raug them rau ib lub thawv, ib W / M, ib daim nqi ntawm kev thauj khoom, lossis ib qho khoom xa tuaj. Nco ntsoov xyuas lub hauv paus them nyiaj.
Surcharges kuj hloov. Ib qho kev tsocai uas siv tau rau lub lim tiam dhau los yuav tsis siv tau rau lub lim tiam no yog tias tus neeg nqa khoom tshaj tawm GRI, qhov chaw nres nkoj yuav muaj teeb meem, lossis qhov chaw nkoj nruj.
Kauj Ruam 8: Ntxiv kev lis kev cai, Lub luag haujlwm, se, thiab kev pov hwm
Ntau tus neeg yuav khoom sib xyaw cov nqi thauj khoom thiab tus nqi tsaws.
Tus nqi thauj khoomhais txog cov nqi logistics them rau kev txav cov khoom thauj.Av nqisuav nrog cov nqi thauj khoom ntxiv rau cov dej num, se, kev lis kev cai -cov nqi cuam tshuam, thiab lwm yam nqi uas yuav tsum tau coj mus rau hauv lub khw muag khoom.
Cov nqi kev lis kev cai yog cov nqi them rau tus broker lossis tus neeg xa khoom rau kev tshaj tawm haujlwm. Cov dej num thiab cov se yog tsoomfwv cov nqi. Lawv tsis yog tib yam.
Cov kev lis kev cai tseem ceeb- cuam tshuam txog tus nqi yog:
- HS Code
- Tshaj tawm tus nqi
- Lub teb chaws ntawm keeb kwm
- Lub teb chaws tariff txoj cai
- Khoom qeb
- Ntshuam daim ntawv tso cai los yog ua raws cai
- Daim ntawv cog lus ua lag luam tsim nyog
- Kev soj ntsuam kev lis kev cai
Cargo insurance feem ntau yog xam raws li tus nqi thauj khoom thiab qib kev pheej hmoo. Nws tsis yog ib txwm yuav tsum tau, tab sis rau siab - cov khoom muaj txiaj ntsig, cov khoom thauj tsis yooj yim, txoj kev ntev, lossis cov khoom xa tuaj nrog ntau lub ntsiab lus tuav, hla kev pov hwm yog qhov kev txiav txim siab tsis muaj zog.
Piv txwv li, machinery muaj nqis USD 80,000 tsiv los ntawm Shanghai mus rau Rotterdam yuav tsum tsis txhob raug kho zoo ib yam li cov nqi qis -plastic accessories. Txawm hais tias cov khoom thauj dej hiav txwv zoo sib xws, kev txiav txim siab kev pov hwm thiab kev pheej hmoo kis tau txawv.
Tsis txhob kho cov dej num, se, thiab kev tuav pov hwm raws li kev xav tom qab. Lawv tuaj yeem hloov tus nqi tsaws tiag tiag ntau dua li tus nqi thauj khoom nws tus kheej.
Kauj Ruam 9: Saib cov nqi ncua sij hawm: Demurrage, kaw, thiab cia
Tus nqi ncua tsis yog ib txwm suav nrog hauv thawj nqe lus, tab sis lawv tuaj yeem nce tus nqi kawg sai.
Demurragefeem ntau yog hais txog cov nqi thaum lub thawv nyob hauv lub davhlau ya nyob twg dhau lub sijhawm pub dawb.
Kev kawfeem ntau yog hais txog kev them nqi thaum lub thawv ntim tawm ntawm lub davhlau ya nyob twg tab sis tsis xa rov qab mus rau tus neeg nqa khoom hauv lub sijhawm dawb.
Ciayog hais txog lub tsev khaws khoom lossis chaw nres tsheb thauj khoom thaum cov khoom thauj ntev dhau lawm.
Cov kev cai muaj tseeb txawv ntawm tus neeg nqa khoom, chaw nres nkoj, thiab lub tebchaws.
Ib rooj plaub yooj yim:
Lub thawv 40HQ tuaj txog ntawm qhov chaw nres nkoj. Tus neeg xa khoom tsis tuaj yeem ua tiav kev lis kev cai vim tias HS Code thiab daim ntawv xa nyiaj ua lag luam tsis sib xws. Lub thawv nyob ntawm lub davhlau ya nyob twg rau ob peb hnub ntxiv. Tom qab lub sijhawm pub dawb tas sijhawm, demurrage thiab cia pib.
Tus thawj dej hiav txwv freight tej zaum yuav tau txais. Tus nqi qeeb yog qhov teeb meem.
Qhov no yog vim li cas lub hiav txwv freight suav nqi tsis yog hais txog tus nqi xwb. Nws kuj yog hais txog kev ua txhaum cai.
Kauj Ruam 10: Nkag siab li cas Incoterms Hloov Cov Nqi Them Nqi
Incotermsyog cov nqe lus kev lag luam thoob ntiaj teb uas txhais tau tias leej twg them rau qhov twg ntawm cov khoom xa tuaj thiab qhov twg muaj kev pheej hmoo hloov ntawm tus neeg muag khoom mus rau tus neeg yuav khoom.
Lawv tsis txiav txim siab tus nqi thauj khoom. Lawv txiav txim siab seb cov nqi twg koj yuav tsum suav nrog hauv koj qhov kev suav.
Nov yog qhov kev pom zoo:
| Incoterm | Yam uas tus neeg yuav khoom feem ntau yuav tsum tau saib |
|---|---|
| EXW | Pickup los ntawm Hoobkas, export tuav, dej hiav txwv freight, lo lus uas peb nqi, import clearance, lub luag hauj lwm, tus me nyuam |
| FOB | Dej hiav txwv freight, qhov chaw them nqi, ntshuam clearance, dej num, xa khoom |
| CIF | Cov nqi xa mus, kev tshem tawm, kev ua haujlwm, xa khoom; hiav txwv freight thiab kev tuav pov hwm tej zaum yuav npaj los ntawm tus neeg muag khoom |
| CFR | Insurance, qhov chaw them nqi, import clearance, lub luag hauj lwm, xa |
| DAP | Import clearance, lub luag hauj lwm, se; xyuas seb puas suav nrog |
| DDP | Feem ntau tus neeg muag khoom npog feem ntau cov nqi, suav nrog kev tshem tawm thiab cov dej num, tab sis cov ntsiab lus yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas kom zoo |
Rau ib tus neeg yuav khoom los ntawm Tuam Tshoj, EXW thiab FOB tsim cov lej sib txawv heev.
Raws li EXW, tus neeg yuav khoom yuav xav tau Tuam Tshoj -raws li tus neeg xa khoom los npaj cov khoom thauj hauv tsev, tshaj tawm xa tawm, thauj khoom, chaw nres nkoj tuav, thauj dej hiav txwv, thiab xa tawm txawv teb chaws. Nyob rau hauv FOB, tus neeg muag khoom tswj kev xa tawm- sab xa mus rau qhov chaw nres nkoj, thaum tus neeg yuav khoom tsom rau kev thauj khoom hiav txwv thiab qhov chaw nyob - tus nqi sab.
Yog tias ib qho kev tsocai tsis hais txog Incoterms, nws tsis yog ib qho kev tsocai tiav.
Hiav txwv Freight Nqe piv txwv 1: LCL shipping
Cia peb suav cov khoom xa tuaj LCL me me los ntawm Ningbo, Tuam Tshoj mus rau Hamburg, Lub Tebchaws Yelemees.
Cov lej hauv qab no yog rau kev ua qauv qhia nkaus xwb. Cov nqi thauj khoom hiav txwv tiag tiag hloov pauv los ntawm txoj kev, tus neeg nqa khoom, lub caij, hom khoom thauj, thiab kev pabcuam.
Cov Lus Qhia Txog Kev Xa Khoom
| Yam khoom | Tus nqi |
|---|---|
| Cargo | Auto spare qhov chaw |
| Ntau | 10 thawv |
| Thawv Loj | 60cm × 40cm × 50cm |
| Qhov hnyav tag nrho | 6 50kg |
| Shipping Hom | LCL |
| Chaw nres nkoj ntawm Chaw thau khoom | Ningbo |
| Chaw nres nkoj tawm | Hamburg |
LCL Cov kauj ruam suav
Kauj ruam 1: xam CBM
CBM=60 × 40 × 50 × 10 ÷ 1,000,000
CBM=1.20 CBM
Kauj ruam 2: Hloov Qhov hnyav rau Metric Tons
650 kg ÷ 1, 000=0.65 tons
Kauj Ruam 3: Txiav txim siab them W/M
Chargeable W/M=max (1.20 CBM, 0.65 tons)
Them W/M=1.20 W/M
Kauj ruam 4: Thov LCL tus nqi thiab nqi
| Tus nqi | Kev suav | Tus nqi |
|---|---|---|
| Base LCL Dej hiav txwv Freight | 1.20 W/M × USD 85 | USD 102.00 Nws |
| Tus nqi ntxiv | 1.20 W/M × USD 18 | USD 21.60 Nws |
| Keeb kwm nqi | Tsau kwv yees | USD 65.00 Nws |
| Nqis qhov chaw | Tsau kwv yees | USD 95.00 Nws |
| Kwv yees tag nrho | Tsis suav cov dej num, se, thiab tsheb thauj khoom | 283.60 Nws |
Qhov kev kwv yees no tsis suav nrog kev xa khoom xa tuaj, VAT, kev kuaj xyuas kev lis kev cai, kev tuav pov hwm cov khoom thauj, lossis kev xa khoom zaum kawg hauv lub teb chaws Yelemees.
Cov lus qhia tseem ceeb yog qhov tseeb: kev thauj khoom hiav txwv nws tus kheej tsuas yog USD 102, tab sis qhov kwv yees tag nrho nce mus txog USD 283.60 ua ntej kev lis kev cai thiab xa khoom. Qhov ntawd yog ib txwm nyob hauv LCL shipping.
Hiav txwv Freight Nqe piv txwv 2: FCL Shipment
Tam sim no cia peb xam ibFCL kev xa khoom los ntawm Shanghai, Tuam Tshoj mus rau Los Angeles, Tebchaws Asmeskas.
Cov Lus Qhia Txog Kev Xa Khoom
| Yam khoom | Tus nqi |
|---|---|
| Cargo | Cov khoom siv hauv tsev |
| Thawv | 1 × 40 HQ |
| Qhov hnyav tag nrho | 12,000 kg |
| Chaw nres nkoj ntawm Chaw thau khoom | Shanghai |
| Chaw nres nkoj tawm | Los Angeles |
| Shipping Hom | FCL |
Kwv yees tus nqi tawg
| Tus nqi | Tus nqi |
|---|---|
| Dej hiav txwv Freight Rate | USD 2,450 |
| Keeb kwm THC thiab cov ntaub ntawv | USD 420 |
| Destination THC thiab Cov Nqi Hauv Zos | USD 520 |
| Carrier Surcharges | USD 180 |
| Kwv yees tag nrho | USD 3,570 |
Qhov kev kwv yees no tsis suav nrog cov se ntshuam, se, kev soj ntsuam kev lis kev cai, kev tuav pov hwm cov khoom thauj, thiab kev thauj khoom hauv av tom qab tuaj txog.
Rau FCL, kev suav yog ncaj qha tshaj LCL vim tias cov khoom thauj dej hiav txwv yog nyob ntawm tus nqi ntim. Tab sis tib cov lus ceeb toom siv: tus nqi ntim khoom tsis yog tag nrho cov nqi thauj khoom.
Yog tias qhov kev xa khoom zaum kawg yuav tsum tau thauj khoom los ntawm Los Angeles chaw nres nkoj mus rau lub tsev khaws khoom hauv av, tus nqi yuav tsum tau ntxiv. Yog tias kev soj ntsuam kev lis kev cai tshwm sim, cov nqi thiab kev ncua yuav nce ntxiv.
Hiav txwv Freight Nqe piv txwv 3: FCL vs LCL Sib piv
Ib tus neeg yuav khoom tau xa 18 CBM ntawm cov thawv ntim yas los ntawm Shenzhen mus rau Dubai.
Lub cargo yog lub teeb tab sis loj. Qhov hnyav tag nrho tsuas yog 2.8 tons.
Kev xaiv A: LCL
| Yam khoom | Kev suav | Tus nqi |
|---|---|---|
| Chargeable W/M | max(18 CBM, 2.8 tons)=18 W/M | - |
| LCL Dej hiav txwv Freight | 18 × USD 55 | USD 990 Nws |
| Keeb kwm thiab CFS Nqis | Kwv yees | USD 260 |
| Destination CFS thiab Local Charges | Kwv yees | USD 480 |
| Cov nqi ntxiv | Kwv yees | USD 120 |
| Kwv yees tag nrho | Tsis suav nrog lub luag haujlwm / se / xa khoom | USD 1,850 |
Kev xaiv B: FCL 20GP
| Yam khoom | Tus nqi |
|---|---|
| 20GP Dej hiav txwv Freight | USD 1,250 |
| Keeb kwm nqi | USD 330 |
| Nqis qhov chaw | USD 390 |
| Cov nqi ntxiv | USD 150 |
| Kwv yees tag nrho | USD 2,120 |
Thaum xub thawj siab ib muag, LCL pheej yig dua los ntawm USD 270.
Tab sis tus nqi tsis yog qhov tseem ceeb xwb. LCL cov khoom yuav raug tswj xyuas ntau zaus: tau txais ntawm CFS, thauj nrog lwm cov khoom thauj, txiav tawm ntawm qhov chaw, thiab tso tawm los ntawm kev tuav cov khoom lag luam. Yog tias cov khoom thauj tsis yooj yim, lub sijhawm -sensitive, lossis ntim rau hauv cov thawv muag khoom, FCL tseem yuav yog qhov kev xaiv zoo dua.
Tam sim no hloov cov khoom ntim ntawm 18 CBM mus rau 26 CBM. Tus nqi LCL yuav nce siab, thaum lub thawv 20GP tus nqi yuav nyob zoo ib yam yog tias cov khoom thauj tseem haum. Thaum lub sijhawm ntawd, FCL tuaj yeem pheej yig dua.
Qhov no yog vim li cas cov neeg yuav khoom yuav tsum tsis txhob txiav txim siab los ntawm ntim ib leeg. Sib piv tag nrho cov nqi, tuav kev pheej hmoo, sij hawm, thiab hom khoom thauj.
Yam tseem ceeb uas cuam tshuam rau cov nqi thauj khoom hiav txwv
Hiav txwv freight nqi txav vim hais tias lub khw shipping tsiv. Ib nqe lus tsis yog tus nqi tas mus li.
Tus nqi tseem ceeb tsav tsheb muaj xws li:
| Qhov xwm txheej | Nws cuam tshuam li cas rau tus nqi |
|---|---|
| Txoj kev | Cov kev nrov nrov yuav muaj ntau txoj kev xaiv nkoj; cov kev cuam tshuam yuav raug nqi ntau dua |
| Chaw nres nkoj khub | Cov chaw nres nkoj loj feem ntau muaj tus nqi zoo dua li cov chaw nres nkoj nyob deb |
| Ntim Hom | 40HQ, reefer, tiaj tus khib, thiab qhib sab saum toj muaj cov nqi sib txawv |
| Cargo Nyhav | Cov khoom thauj hnyav tuaj yeem txwv cov thawv thauj khoom lossis tsim cov nqi hnyav |
| Cargo ntim | Cov khoom loj tuaj yeem thawb LCL nqi siab dua |
| Lub caij | Lub caij ncov tuaj yeem nce nqi thiab txo qhov chaw |
| Carrier Chaw | Qhov chaw nruj ua rau cov neeg nqa khoom muaj zog dua tus nqi zog |
| Tus nqi roj | tuaj yeem cuam tshuam BAF thiab lwm yam nyiaj ntxiv |
| Chaw nres nkoj Congestion | Tej zaum yuav tsim congestion surcharges thiab ncua |
| Cargo Hom | Cov khoom phom sij, tshuaj lom neeg, roj teeb, thiab cov khoom thauj loj yuav tsum tau tuav tshwj xeeb |
| Incoterms | Txiav txim siab seb cov nqi twg yuav tsum suav nrog |
| Kev Pabcuam Scope | Chaw nres nkoj - mus rau - chaw nres nkoj yog pheej yig dua qhov rooj - mus rau - qhov rooj, tab sis tsis tiav |
Rau kev xa khoom los ntawm Tuam Tshoj, kev xaiv chaw nres nkoj kuj tseem ceeb. Ningbo, Shanghai, Shenzhen, Qingdao, Xiamen, thiab Guangzhou tuaj yeem muab cov nqi sib txawv thiab cov sijhawm teem sijhawm nyob ntawm cov khoom thauj khoom thauj thiab cov khw muag khoom.
Qhov chaw nres nkoj ze tshaj plaws tsis yog qhov chaw nres nkoj zoo tshaj plaws. Qee lub sij hawm ntev me ntsis kev thauj khoom hauv tsev tuaj yeem muab cov kev xaiv zoo dua hauv nkoj, txo qis dej hiav txwv freight, lossis ntau lub sijhawm ruaj khov.
Tshwj xeeb Cargo: Thaum cov qauv ib txwm tsuas yog qhov pib taw tes
Cov qauv kev thauj khoom hiav txwv yooj yim ua haujlwm zoo rau cov khoom thauj dav dav. Nws tsis txaus rau cov khoom thauj tshwj xeeb.
Cov khoom thauj tshwj xeeb tuaj yeem suav nrog:
- Tshuaj
- Cov khoom txaus ntshai
- Cov khoom siv roj teeb lithium
- Cov tshuab loj heev
- Cov khoom siv hnyav dhau
- Tsheb
- Kub- cov khoom rhiab heev
- Fragile industrial Cheebtsam
- Cargo yuav tsum qhib sab saum toj, tiaj tus khib, lossis reefer ntim
Piv txwv li, tus qauv pallet ntawm lub tshuab qhov chaw thiab lub nruas xa khoom ntawm cov tshuaj tswj xyuas yuav muaj qhov hnyav zoo sib xws thiab CBM, tab sis tus nqi qauv tuaj yeem sib txawv kiag li. Cov tshuaj tej zaum yuav xav tau MSDS tshuaj xyuas, kev tshaj tawm cov khoom txaus ntshai, kev pom zoo ntawm tus neeg nqa khoom, daim ntawv lo tshwj xeeb, kev cia khoom sib xws, thiab kev txwv chaw nres nkoj.
Cov tshuab loj loj tuaj yeem xav tau lub thawv ntim tiaj tiaj, lashing, thaiv, nqa cov khoom siv, thiab kev tuav tshwj xeeb ntawm lub davhlau ya nyob twg. Lub hiav txwv freight tus nqi tsuas yog ib feem ntawm cov khoom xa tuaj.
Rau cov khoom thauj tshwj xeeb, tsis txhob siv lub laij lej online yooj yim raws li qhov kev txiav txim zaum kawg. Nws tuaj yeem pab nrog qhov pib tsis zoo, tab sis tus neeg nqa khoom lees paub thiab tuav txoj kev npaj txiav txim siab tus nqi tiag.
Yuav Ua Li Cas Nyeem thiab Sib Piv Cov Nqes Hiav Txwv Freight
Ib tug zoo hiav txwv freight quote yuav tsum qhia tus nqi ciam teb kom meej.
Ib qho lus tsis muaj zog feem ntau muab ib tus lej txaus nyiam thiab tawm ntawm tus neeg yuav khoom kom pom qhov seem tom qab.
Thaum txheeb xyuas cov lus hais, kos cov ntsiab lus no:
- Puas yog qhov kev tsocai rau chaw nres nkoj-rau- chaw nres nkoj, chaw nres nkoj- mus rau - qhov rooj, qhov rooj- mus rau - chaw nres nkoj, lossis qhov rooj - mus rau - qhov rooj kev pabcuam?
- Incoterms twg siv tau?
- Puas suav nrog cov nqi keeb kwm?
- Puas suav nrog cov nqi xa mus?
- Puas suav nrog kev lis kev cai?
- Puas yog cov luag haujlwm thiab cov se suav nrog lossis tsis suav nrog?
- Puas muaj kev pov hwm cargo?
- Lub sijhawm dawb rau demurrage thiab raug kaw yog dab tsi?
- Puas yog LCL tus nqi qis kawg tau teev tseg?
- Puas yog cov nqi CFS suav nrog?
- Puas yog tus nqi them ua ntej, sau, lossis sib xyaw?
- Cov txiaj ntsig twg siv?
- Dab tsi yog qhov quote validity hnub?
- Puas yog cov nqi ntxiv raug kho lossis hloov pauv?
- Puas yog qhov kev tsocai npog tshwj xeeb cov khoom thauj?
Tus nqi pheej yig tshaj dej hiav txwv freight tsis yog ib txwm pheej yig tshaj shipping.
Ib nqe lus hais nrog pob tshab nqe lus them nqi, lub sijhawm pub dawb, thiab cov kev pabcuam meej meej feem ntau muaj kev nyab xeeb dua li cov nqe lus qis dua uas zais cov nqi hauv zos.
Cov ntaub ntawv xav tau kom tau txais qhov tseeb ntawm Hiav Txwv Freight Quote
Tus neeg xa khoom thauj khoom tsis tuaj yeem suav cov nqi thauj khoom hauv hiav txwv los ntawm "ib lub pallet los ntawm Tuam Tshoj mus rau Tebchaws Europe."
Qhov ntawd tsis txaus cov ntaub ntawv.
Txhawm rau kom tau txais cov lus hais hnyav, npaj cov hauv qab no:
| Cov ntaub ntawv | Vim Li Cas Nws Tseem Ceeb |
|---|---|
| Cargo npe | Txiav txim siab tuav thiab nqa khoom txais |
| HS Code | Muaj feem cuam tshuam rau kev lis kev cai, lub luag haujlwm, thiab kev ua raws cai |
| Cargo Dimensions | Xav tau rau CBM thiab kev npaj thauj khoom |
| Qhov hnyav tag nrho | Xav tau rau W / M, thawv ntim, thiab tsheb thauj khoom |
| Tus naj npawb ntawm Cartons / Pallets | Muaj feem xyuam rau lub tsev khaws khoom thiab tuav cov nqi |
| Cov duab Cargo | Pab tau rau cov khoom thauj tshwj xeeb, tshuab, thiab ntim khoom tsis tu ncua |
| Chaw nyob tos | Xav tau rau lub hauv paus tsheb thauj khoom |
| Chaw nres nkoj ntawm Chaw thau khoom | Muaj feem cuam tshuam rau kev xaiv caij nkoj thiab cov nqi xa tawm |
| Chaw nres nkoj tawm | Muaj feem cuam tshuam rau dej hiav txwv freight thiab nqe lus them nqi |
| Qhov Chaw Nyob Kawg | Xav tau rau qhov kev kwv yees xa khoom |
| Incoterms | Txhais tus nqi ciam teb |
| Npaj Hnub | Cuam tshuam tus nqi siv tau thiab booking nkoj |
| Cargo Tus nqi | Xav tau kev tuav pov hwm thiab kev lis kev cai |
| FCL lossis LCL Preference | Pab sib piv cov kev xaiv shipping |
| Cov Kev Cai Tshwj Xeeb | Cov khoom txaus ntshai, cov khoom loj loj, kev tswj qhov kub thiab txias, cov khoom tsis yooj yim |
Qhov ua tiav cov ntaub ntawv ntau dua, qhov ze ntawm qhov kev tsocai yuav yog rau tus nqi them kawg nkaus.
Cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov khoom thauj tsis tiav tsim cov lus tsis raug. Cov lus tsis raug cai tsim kev tsis sib haum xeeb.
Feem ntau yuam kev thaum xam cov nqi thauj khoom hiav txwv
Thawj qhov yuam kev yog piv cov khoom thauj hauv hiav txwv xwb. Qhov no tshwm sim ntau zaus. Tus neeg yuav khoom tau txais peb nqe lus thiab xaiv qhov chaw nres nkoj qis tshaj - rau - chaw nres nkoj tus nqi. Tom qab ntawd, cov nqi xa mus, cov nqi CFS, kev lis kev cai qeeb, thiab cov nqi thauj khoom tshem tawm qhov txuag.
Qhov yuam kev thib ob yog siv cov khoom siv qhov ntev es tsis txhob ntim qhov ntev. Freight yog them raws li lub cargo raws li xa, tsis yog cov khoom raws li muag. Cartons, pallets, ntoo crates, ua npuas ncauj, thiab tiv thaiv ntim tag nrho suav.
Qhov thib peb yuam kev yog tsis quav ntsej LCL tus nqi qis kawg nkaus. Ib qho 0.3 CBM cov qauv xa tuaj kuj tseem yuav raug them ntawm 1 CBM yam tsawg kawg nkaus, ntxiv rau cov ntaub ntawv thiab cov nqi tsev rau khoom.
Qhov yuam kev thib plaub yog tsis nco qab lub sijhawm dawb. Yog tias tus neeg xa khoom qeeb nrog cov ntaub ntawv, kev lis kev cai, kev them nqi, lossis kev tuaj tos, demurrage, kaw, thiab khaws cia tuaj yeem pib sai.
Qhov yuam kev thib tsib yog xav tias CIF txhais tau tias "tag nrho cov nqi them." CIF feem ntau them tus nqi, kev tuav pov hwm, thiab kev thauj mus los rau qhov chaw nres nkoj. Nws tsis tuaj yeem them cov nqi xa mus, xa tawm kev lis kev cai, cov haujlwm, se, lossis xa khoom kawg.
Feem ntau cov nqi thauj khoom hiav txwv xav tsis thoob los ntawm qhov tsis meej, tsis yog lej lej.
Yuav txo cov nqi thauj khoom hiav txwv li cas yam tsis tsim teeb meem loj
Muaj txoj hauv kev zoo los txo cov nqi thauj khoom hiav txwv. Tseem muaj txoj kev phem.
Kev tswj tus nqi zoo pib nrog kev npaj thauj khoom.
Rau LCL kev xa khoom, txo qhov chaw khib nyiab. Siv txoj cai -sized cartons. Zam qhov chaw khoob uas tsis tsim nyog. Palletize tsuas yog thaum nws tiv thaiv cov khoom thauj lossis ua kom muaj kev nyab xeeb dua. Cov khoom xa tuaj uas poob los ntawm 4.8 CBM mus rau 3.9 CBM yuav txuag tau nyiaj yog tias tus nqi W / M hloov pauv.
Rau FCL kev xa khoom, npaj lub thawv thauj khoom ntxov. Lub 40HQ tuaj yeem nqa tau ntau dua li 20GP, tab sis nws tseem muaj qhov hnyav thiab qhov ntev. Cov tshuab hnyav hnyav tuaj yeem sau qhov hnyav ua ntej ntim. Lub teeb khoom hauv tsev tuaj yeem sau ntim ua ntej qhov hnyav.
Sib piv FCL thiab LCL thaum cov khoom ntim nce mus txog qhov nruab nrab. Tsis muaj universal so-txawm qhov taw tes, tab sis ib zaug cov khoom thauj mus dhau qhov me me - ntim LCL, qhov kev xaiv thawv tsim nyog tau tshuaj xyuas.
Xaiv txoj cai Incoterms. EXW tuaj yeem ua rau tus neeg yuav khoom tswj tau ntau dua, tab sis nws kuj yuav tsum tuav tag nrho cov khoom xa tawm - sab txheej txheem. FOB tej zaum yuav huv dua rau ntau tus neeg xa khoom yog tias tus neeg muag khoom tuaj yeem tswj cov khoom xa tawm kom zoo.
Tsis txhob txiav kev tuav pov hwm rau siab - tus nqi lossis cov khoom thauj tsis yooj yim tsuas yog txo cov lus pom. Kev txuag yog me me piv nrog qhov ua tau poob.
Lub hom phiaj tsis yog nrhiav tus lej qis tshaj ntawm daim ntawv. Lub hom phiaj yog txo tus nqi tag nrho thaum khaws cov khoom xa tuaj yeem tswj tau.
Yuav ua li cas Zhejiang Wilson Supply Chain Pab tau
NtawmZhejiang Wilson Supply Chain Management Co., Ltd., peb pab importers thiab exporters xam cov tswv yim hiav txwv freight nqi los ntawm Tuam Tshoj mus rau lub ntiaj teb no kev lag luam. Peb cov kev pabcuam suav nrog FCL, LCL, kev tswj hwm kev lis kev cai, kev thauj mus los, kev thauj khoom tshwj xeeb, thiab qhov rooj - mus rau - qhov rooj logistics kev npaj.
Yog tias koj xav tau tus nqi kwv yees, npaj koj cov khoom thauj khoom qhov ntev, qhov hnyav, txoj kev, Incoterms, thiab cov khoom xa tuaj. Peb pab neeg tuaj yeem pab sib piv cov kev xaiv thauj khoom hauv hiav txwv thiab muab cov kev daws teeb meem meej raws li koj cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov khoom thauj.
FAQ
Tus nqi thauj khoom hiav txwv raug xam li cas?
Hiav txwv freight nqi yog xam los ntawm kev ntxiv dej hiav txwv freight, keeb kwm tsub nqi, qhov chaw tsub nqi, surcharges, kev lis kev cai clearance, inland tsheb thauj mus los, kev tuav pov hwm, lub luag hauj lwm, se, thiab muaj peev xwm ntxiv nqi xws li cia, demurrage, thiab kaw.
Rau ib tug ceev formula:
Tag Nrho Hiav Txwv Freight Tus Nqi=Dej hiav txwv Freight + Nqis Keeb Kwm + Cov Nqi Them Nqi + Cov Nqi Them + Cov Nqi Them + Kev Them Nqi + Kev Thauj Mus Los Hauv Tebchaws + Kev Pov Hwm + Lub Luag Haujlwm & Se + Cov Nqi Ntxiv
Puas yog hiav txwv freight them los ntawm qhov hnyav lossis ntim?
Nws nyob ntawm hom shipping. FCL feem ntau yog them rau ib lub thawv. LCL feem ntau yog them los ntawm W / M, lub ntsiab lus ntau dua ntawm cov khoom ntim hauv CBM thiab qhov hnyav tag nrho hauv metric tons.
Yuav ua li cas kuv xam CBM rau hiav txwv freight?
Siv cov qauv no:
CBM=Length × Dav × Qhov siab × Quantity
Yog hais tias koj qhov ntev yog nyob rau hauv centimeters:
CBM=Length(cm) × Dav(cm) × Qhov siab(cm) × Quantity ÷ 1,000,000
Ib txwm suav raws li cov khoom ntim khoom loj.
W / M hauv hiav txwv freight yog dab tsi?
W/M txhais tau tias Nyhav lossis Ntsuas. Hauv LCL shipping, tus xa khoom sib piv tag nrho CBM nrog qhov hnyav tag nrho hauv metric tons. Tus lej siab dua dhau los ua tus nqi W / M.
Piv txwv li: 2.5 CBM thiab 1.1 tons txhais tau tias 2.5 W / M.
Piv txwv li: 1.2 CBM thiab 3 tons txhais tau tias 3 W / M.
Puas yog FCL pheej yig dua LCL?
Tsis tas li. LCL feem ntau pheej yig dua rau kev xa khoom me me. FCL tuaj yeem pheej yig dua thaum cov khoom ntim khoom loj tuaj, cov nqi LCL hauv zos tau siab, lossis cov khoom thauj xav tau tsawg dua. Cov lus teb yog nyob ntawm tus nqi tag nrho, tsis yog tus nqi thauj khoom hiav txwv xwb.
Vim li cas kuv cov nqi thauj khoom hiav txwv kawg yog siab dua li thawj qhov kev tsocai?
Thawj qhov kev tsocai tsuas yog qhia txog kev thauj khoom hiav txwv. Tus nqi kawg tuaj yeem nce ntxiv vim yog cov nqi xa mus, cov nqi CFS, kev kuaj xyuas kev lis kev cai, kev thauj mus los, kev cia khoom, demurrage, kaw, kev tuav pov hwm, lub luag haujlwm, se, lossis cov khoom thauj tsis raug.
Cov ntaub ntawv dab tsi kuv xav tau rau kev xa khoom hiav txwv?
Koj xav tau lub npe thauj khoom, HS Code, qhov ntev, qhov hnyav tag nrho, qhov ntau, qhov chaw tuaj tos, chaw nres nkoj ntawm chaw thau khoom, chaw nres nkoj ntawm kev tso tawm, qhov chaw xa khoom zaum kawg, Incoterms, npaj hnub, tus nqi thauj khoom, thiab txhua qhov tshwj xeeb tuav.
Xaus
Txhawm rau xam cov nqi thauj khoom hauv hiav txwv kom raug, pib nrog hom kev thauj khoom, xam cov nqi them nqi, siv tus nqi thauj khoom hiav txwv, tom qab ntawd ntxiv cov nqi xa tuaj, cov nqi xa mus, cov nqi ntxiv, kev lis kev cai, xa khoom, kev pov hwm, lub luag haujlwm, se, thiab cov nqi qeeb.
Tus lej uas tseem ceeb tsis yog tus nqi qis tshaj plaws hauv hiav txwv freight. Nws yog tag nrho cov nqi uas yuav tsum tau txav lub cargo kom nyab xeeb thiab tso nws yam tsis muaj kev xav tsis thoob.
Zhejiang Wilson Supply Chain Management Co., Ltd. pab cov neeg xa khoom thiab xa tawm suav cov nqi thauj khoom hauv hiav txwv los ntawm Tuam Tshoj mus rau thoob ntiaj teb kev lag luam, suav nrog FCL, LCL, kev sib koom ua ke, kev thauj mus los, kev thauj khoom tshwj xeeb, thiab qhov rooj - mus rau - qhov rooj logistics kev npaj. Yog tias koj xav tau tus nqi kwv yees, npaj koj cov khoom thauj qhov ntev, qhov hnyav, txoj hauv kev, Incoterms, thiab cov khoom xa tuaj, thov hu rau peb pab neeg kom paub meej cov kev daws teeb meem.
